Lactulose is given to dogs and cats as a laxative, although it is used most commonly in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. This is a liver disease that causes toxic products to accumulate in the blood. Lactulose is a disaccharide sugar composed of galactose and fructose. It passes unchanged to the large intestine and is broken down by bacteria as it works to produce an assortment of mild acids. The acids draw water into the colon, softening the stool and producing a laxative effect.

When lactulose is used to treat hepatic encephalopathy in dogs, it is recommended to give 15 to 30ml four times daily. Treating hepatic encephalopathy in cats calls for 0.25ml to 1 ml per cat. Normal dosing schedule for cats is three times daily. Constipation is treated with a dose of 1ml per 10 pounds of body weight and is given three times daily.

If a dose is missed, give one as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, give as directed and skip the missed dose. Do not give both doses. An overdose can result in abdominal cramping, diarrhea, or possible dehydration.

Lactulose can be mixed with other liquids to make it more palatable. Sometimes it can take 24 to 48 hours before an animal is able to produce stool.
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